What appears to be an ordinary everyday drink is, in fact, a reflection of immense botanical richness. Globally, there are various species of coffee beans. However, only four stand out.
The global market is led by Arabica (Coffea arabica), whose sophistication makes it the most appreciated species. Cultivation at high altitudes gives it a refined profile, marked by a vibrant acidity level and notes ranging from floral to chocolatey. It is, therefore, the perfect choice for those seeking greater complexity and lower caffeine content. In contrast, Robusta (Coffea canephora) stands out for its intensity and distinctive flavour. With an earthy profile reminiscent of dark chocolate or hazelnut, it has a high caffeine content, making it the ideal choice for those who prefer a fuller-bodied and more energetic drink.
Among the rarest beans, we find Liberica (Coffea liberica). Characterised by large leaves and fruits, it presents an unusual aromatic profile, with notes of tropical fruits and woody undertones, resulting in very low acidity. Finally, Excelsa (Coffea liberica var. dewevrei) is considered a subvariety of Liberica. With a more exotic profile, featuring a mix of fruity, floral, and spicy flavours, it is widely used to add depth and complexity to premium blends.
Don't forget: the next time you savour a cup of coffee, remember that you are tasting centuries of history and the richness underlying a vast cultural heritage.